|
| ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS |
|
|
|
| Year : 1990 | Volume
: 56
| Issue : 2 | Page : 127-129 |
Organisms causing pyoderma and their susceptibility patterns
RG Baslas, SK Arora, RD Mukhija, L Mohan, UK Singh
Correspondence Address:
R G Baslas
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
Five hundred and seventy cases of pyoderma were studied clinically and bacteriologically. Of these, 58.8% cases were of primary pyoderma, and the rest were secondary pyoderma. Primary pyoderma consituted impetigo contagiosa (21.4%), bullous impetigo (3.3%), ecthyma (4.4%), superficial folliculitis (12.3%), chronic folliculitis of legs (8.8%); forunculosis (3.7%) carbuncle (1.8%), folliculitis decalvans (0.4%), sycosis barbae (0.4%) and abscess (2.5%). Secondary pyderma cases were infected scabies (23.9%), infected wound (1.1%), infectious eczematoid dermatitis (12.6%), intertrigo (0.4%) and miscellaneous (3.3%). In 85 samples, no organism was isolated. Out of 485 samples, 75.9% grew a single organism and the rest (24.1%) gave multiple organisms. Among the 603 strains collected, 73.6% were staphylococcus aureus, 25.0% were beta-haemolytic streptococcus and 0.7% each were alpha-haemolytic streptococcus and Gram negative bacilli. Eighty eight per cent strains of Staphylococcus aureous were susceptible to cephaloridine and 27.4% to ampicillin while 97.4% beta haemolytic streptococcus were susceptible to cephaloridine and 23.2% to pencillin.
Keywords: Pyederma, Susceptibility pattern
How to cite this article:
Baslas R G, Arora S K, Mukhija R D, Mohan L, Singh U K. Organisms causing pyoderma and their susceptibility patterns. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1990;56:127-9 |
How to cite this URL:
Baslas R G, Arora S K, Mukhija R D, Mohan L, Singh U K. Organisms causing pyoderma and their susceptibility patterns. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol [serial online] 1990 [cited 2021 Jan 17];56:127-9. Available from: https://www.ijdvl.com/text.asp?1990/56/2/127/3502 |
Pyodermas are still quite common in India. Bacteriology of pyodermas has been studied in several other regions,[1],[2],[3],[4],[5],[6],[7],[8],[9],[10] but none is available from our region. We have undertaken this study to find out if there are any differences in the types of bacteria responsible for pyodermas and their susceptibility to antimicrobials.
| Materials and Methods | |  |
We studied 570 patients attending our hospital between August 1986 and October 1988. Patients having taken antimicrobial treatment (local or systemic) during the last 7 days were not included. Material collected from the lesions was inoculated in 10% sheep's blood agar and incubated aerobically at 37°C for 24 hours. The organisms grown were identified on the basis of their morphology, cultural characteristics and biochemical reactions as per standard methods.[11] Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested on Mueller-Hinton agar for staphylococci, and for streptococcus haemolyticus blood agar on Mueller-Hinton base was used, employing disc diffusion technique. The antimicrobial soaked discs were manufactured by M/S Span Diagnostic, Surat.
| Results | | |
Out of 570 patients, 369 (64.7%) were males and 201 (35.3%) were females. Age distribution was 340 (59.7%) below 10 years, 104 (18.2%) between 11-20 years, 70(12.3%) 21-30 years, 27(4.7%) 31-40 years, 13(2.3%) 41-50 years and 16(2.8%) above 50 years.
In 85 samples, no organism could be isolated. Single organism was isolated from 368 (75.9%) samples, while from 117(24.1%) samples more than one type of organisms were isolated. Organisms isolated from different types of pyoderma are given in [Table - 1].
Susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus aureus  (SA) and beta-haemolytic streptococcus (BHS) to different antimicrobials is given in [Table - 2]. Other organisms isolated were not studied for susceptibility pattern.
| Comments | | |
We found male preponderance as observed by others[1],[2],[3] except Ramani and Jayakar[4] who noticed female preponderance. Like other studies[1],[4] maximum (340,59.7%) cases were below 10 years of age. Only Bhaskaran et al[2] have reported maximum cases in the 11-30 years age group.
Isolation rate (91.5%) of SA both alone and in combination was similar to some workers[7],[8].
while other studies [1],[2],[3],[6],[7],[8],[9],[10] subhave found lower figures. Isolation rate (31.1 %) of BHS both alone and in combination was similar to Kar et at,[5] while others [1],[2],[3],[6],[7],[9],[10] subhave shown variable results (12% to 89%)
Both SA and BHS were highly susceptible to cephaloridine and gentamicin. Least susceptibility was seen to penicillin and ampicillin [Table - 2]. Other workers[2],[3],[4],[5] have also shown high (95% or more) susceptibility to gentamicin but they have not studied susceptibility to cephaloridine. Majority of workers[2],[3],[4],[5] have shown least susceptibility of SA to penicillin and moderate to high (50% to 100%) susceptibility of BHS to penicillin. Susceptibility patterns of SA to ampicillin in other studies[2],[3],[4],[5] were variable (12% to 88%), and for BHS were more than 70 %. Susceptibility of both the organisms to erythromycin was moderate [Table - 2] while other studies[1],[2],[4],[5] have shown high (more than 94%) susceptibility to erythromycin. Other studies[3],[5] have shown a variable susceptibility pattern (high to moderate) to co-trimoxazole, while we found only moderate susceptibility.
Cephalexin was found to be moderately effective, but there are no previous studies on this drug.
| References | | |
| 1. | Kandhari KC, Prakash 0 and Singh G : Bacteriology of pyodermas, Ind J Dermatol Venereol, 1962; 28 :125-133.  |
| 2. | Bhaskaran CS, Rao PS, Krishnamurthy T et al Bacteriological study of pyoderma, Ind J Dermatol Venereol Leprol, 1979; 45 : 162-170. |
| 3. | Khare AK, Bansal NK and Dhruv AK : A clinical and bacteriological study of pyodermas, Ind J Dermatol Venereol Leprol, 1988; 54 192-195. |
| 4. | Ramani TV and Jayakar PA : Bacteriological study of 100= cases of pyodermas with special reference to staphylococci, their antibiotic sensitivity and phage pattern, Ind J Dermatol Venereol Leprol, 1980; 46 : 282-286. |
| 5. | Kar PK, Sharma NP and Shah BH : Bacteriological study of pyoderma in children, Ind J Dermatol Venereol Leprol, 1985; 51 : 325-327. |
| 6. | Pasricha A, Bhujwala RA and Shriniwas : Bacteriological study of pyoderma, Ind J Pathol Bacteriol, 1972; 15 : 131-138. |
| 7. | Lamont IC : Local antibiotics in skin infections, Brit J Dermatol, 1959; 71 : 201-210. |
| 8. | Ghosh B, Gupta M and Bhattacharya SR : Clinicobacteriological study of pyoderma, Ind J Dermatol, 1974; 19 :35-38. |
| 9. | Verma KC, Chugh TD and Bhatia KK : Streptococci in pyoderma, Ind J Dermatol Venereol Leprol, 1981; 47 : 202-207. |
| 10. | Anthony BF, Perlman LV and Wannamaker LW Skin infections and acute nephritis- in American Indian children, Paediat, 1967; 39 :.263-276. |
| 11. | Cruickshank R, Duguid JP,Marmion-BP et at Medical Microbiology, 12th ed, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, 1974. |
Tables
[Table - 1], [Table - 2]
| This article has been cited by | | 1 |
Dermatitis cruris pustulosa et atrophicans |
|
| Kaimal, S., DæSouza, M., Kumari, R. | | Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology. 2009; 75(4): 348-355 | | [Pubmed] | | | 2 |
Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in community-acquired primary pyoderma |
|
| Patil, R., Baveja, S., Nataraj, G., Khopkar, U. | | Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology. 2006; 72(2): 126-128 | | [Pubmed] | | | 3 |
Clinico-bacteriological study of pyodermas in children |
|
| Kakar, N., Kumar, V., Mehta, G., Sharma, R.C., Koranne, R.V. | | Journal of Dermatology. 1999; 26(5): 288-293 | | [Pubmed] | |
|
|
|
|
